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God's Politics

God is Not [and has never been] White: Biblical Post-colonial Theology

by Jarrod McKenna 05-29-2009

“The Bible knows nothing about peace without justice,” said that great prophet of joyful restorative justice, Desmond Tutu, when he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984.

This past Tuesday, May 26,  marks “Sorry Day” in Australia where the Australians pause to acknowledge there is no future without confessing and seeking to heal the pain of the genocide of Aboriginal peoples and the evils that created the ‘stolen generation.’

I was teaching on post-colonial missiology in Aotearoa [New Zealand] and was asked, “What do you think is the most important Australian contribution to this area?” My answer: “The Rainbow Spirit Theology: Toward an Australian Aboriginal Theology” (recently re-released). As a way of marking “Sorry Day,” I’d like to share some of my favourite quotes from this amazing book as a prayer for repentance and as a prayer for real justice for indigenous people everywhere.

  • “In Jesus Christ we see the mystery, the victory and the love of God revealed. Most missionaries kept that revelation partially hidden because they presented Christ as a European Jesus who had little or no kinship with Aboriginal culture.”
  • “The Creator Spirit is crying because the blood of Aboriginal people has desecrated the land. The land is crying out because the blood shed on the land has not been heard, and the sacrifice of those who died has not been remembered. The people are crying because the crimes committed against their ancestors have not been revealed and appropriately recognized.”
  • “Human beings are entrusted with the responsibility to cooperate with the Creator Spirit both to care for and activate the life-forces within the land.”
  • “The Creator Spirit is crying because the deep spiritual bonds with the land and its people have been broken. The land is crying because it is slowly dying without the bond of spiritual life. The people are crying because they long for a restoration of that deep spiritual bond with the Creator Spirit and the land.”
  • “The life giving power of the Creator Spirit was always close to our people. We believe that this power took on human flesh in Jesus Christ, and fulfilled the searchings of the people of the Old Testament and of Aboriginal people.”
  • “For the work of reconciliation in Christ to be effective, the Christian churches in Australia need to acknowledge the crimes committed against Aboriginal people, their culture, and their land; seek reconciliation; and work with Aboriginal people in their struggles for justice.”
  • “The Christ who suffered on the cross continues to suffer with the land and the people of the land. In the suffering of the land and the people of the land, we see Christ suffering and we hear Christ crying out.”
  • “The suffering land is the groaning creation referred to in the New Testament. Christ came among us to overcome the powers under which the suffering land is groaning. The evil which Christ overcomes is not only personal sin, but the forces which enslave people in society and in the environment in which we live.”

I’d also like to offer this reflection on the life of Jesus by the amazing prophetic indigenous musician, Kev Carmody (covered here by Aussie Hip Hop act “The Herd”). In this music and in these words may we as the church hear Christ’s call to collaborate with the Spirit in living a Calvary-like love and never again collaborate in the colonizing forces of Empire.

portrait-jarrod-mckennaJarrod McKenna is seeking to live God’s love. As a Vine and Fig Tree Planter, he plants “signs” on military bases that draw the connections between God’s kingdom, militarism, and climate change.  He is a co-founder of the Peace Tree Community, serving with the marginalized in one of the poorest areas in his city, heads up Together for Humanity in Western Australia (an interfaith youth initiative serving together for the common good), and is the founder and creative director of Empowering Peacemakers (EPYC), for which he has received an Australian peace award for his work in empowering a generation of (eco)evangelists and peace prophets.

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  • SisterMarie
    Jerrod McKenna,

    Much of the quotes could be applied to our treatment of Native Americans here in this country. Thanks.
  • tmccool
    Great quotes from the book. Thank you for sharing.
  • MattyK
    I don't disagree with anything written here. It seems the authors of these quotes are heavily inspired by Sobrino, Cone, and other liberation theologians. Though they rightfuly exegete the history of this unholy marriage of colonialism and Christianity; in an effort to make a point the rhetoric and some the interpretation of liberation theology runs counter to some basic biblical assumptions. Cone's work that classifies "whiteness" as injustice is too much a blanket statement, and does more to alienate his counter-parts than to do the work of healing. I think an honest biblical consideration of these issues would not shy away from the fact that European-Christianity allied itself with powers and principalities and committed grave injustice; but the fault was not in being European- the fault was in a wrong notion of power and privilidge. Power corrupts, not whiteness. It is the circumstances of history, Whites have been in the place to abuse power. In an alternate universe would we assume that people of color with power would not do such a thing? The Christian witness is that the entire human family shares a common ancestory and the entire human family suffers the same sin-problem. No denial should be made of the great injustice the West has done to the 2/3rds world. It is not untrue that "God is not and never has been white"; but the same could be said that "God is not and has never been black or brown or anything else". Human beings of every tribe and tounge suffer the corruption of sin; Christ's salvation is for all who believe. Greek or Jew, Male or Female, Slave or Free, Australian or Aboriginal, Republican or Democrat, Israeli or Palestinian, Black or Afrikanner.
  • theology
    Hey Matty
    would you care to elaborate on which suppositions of liberation are counter biblical?
    I think you will find that liberation is perhaps one of the few theologys to embrace the "kingdom" in both its orthopraxis and orthodoxy, but would prefer to wait for you to elaborate before replying in full to you.
    regards
    peter lambert
  • letjusticerolldown
    When and why did the many conflicted peoples of Europe become "white?"
  • jmiklovic
    Great question... it seems labeling is the common practice of both liberals and conservatives. If you can lump everyone together they are easier to attack. I can be disgusted by what some 'whites' have done, but must I apologize for them? or must I be lumped in with them? or must I repent of sins not committed?

    It is like Christians being lumped in with inquisitors and crusaders... um newsflash, the inquisitors and crusaders may have professed Christianity, but by their fruit it is clear they were no Christians at all.

    I was created white... I cannot help it, and being blamed based on skin color is also injustice, though obviously trivial in comparison to genocide. Nonetheless laying the blame on a people group solves nothing.

    Racism will only end when we recognize there is only one race and it is called 'human'.
  • letjusticerolldown
    Words mean what we define them to mean--so I will not dispute your ability to say you were created white. My question was somewhat in response to Mattyk saying, among other things, "Power corrupts not whiteness."

    I may be wrong, but I believe the concept of 'White' was basically rooted in the idea of "not having darker shades of skin". In other words, what bonded "white people" was an idea about what the relationship was of white people to black people.

    i.e. The function of a white identity was not because we looked around and said--oh my, we are kind of alike; some other peoples are kind of one shade, we are kind of another shade. It was a function of a rather ruthless system of superiority.

    We might be better off just to create a different word. Something like "meanbadugly". We could use "meanbadugly" to refer to a corrupt power system based on race.

    Then James Cone, and others, could attack "meanbaduglies" instead of "whites."

    And we could get rid of "meanbadugliness" instead of white people.

    I guess the reason he chose to attack whiteness--is because this is the term that a group of folks created to differentiate themselves from others who were inferior and legitimate recipients of unjust, systemic evil.

    In fairness to Cone--he is trying to get rid of meanbadugly--not white guy.

    The problem with the "white" thing is that it usually has more value to us than we think it does. We can benefit from listening to our brothers and sisters who challenge the 'white' thing. We do not have to take it personally. We can use it to explore if the ways of thinking and being that have been woven into our ways of living have in any way corrupted our understanding of ourselves and others so as to bring dishonor to God.
  • ando
    As one who spent some time in Central America and attended an evangelical Catholic service for more than a ayear, I heard how the people in that group rejected both the deadness of the mainstream Church hierarchy on the one hand, and liberation theology on the other. They saw liberation theology as part and parcel of communist takeover. It's a theology based in political power cloaked in picking and choosing parts of the bible to suit their ideology. Very similar to what the Religious Right has done. In the end, the hard-working peasant farmers see both communism and pure capitalism as enslavement to those more powerful than they. They are looking for God first, and secondly a moderation in all things.
  • manucaddie
    Kia ora bro,
    Does the book have much about what is unique about Aboriginal spirituality or do you think often these kinds of things are about trying to fit particular aspects of indigenous spiritualities into what remains essentially a western theological framework? I'd be interested in how the author/s understand the Dreamtime and the spirit of particular places. I might have to find me a copy of the book when I'm over in August eh?! :)
  • As a South African now living in Australia, I have wrestled with many of these issues and feel strongly aligned with what Jarrod is writing. I am going to buy the book.

    I am working with others in our part of the World - Melbourne, Australia, to live out that Sorry that Jarrod mentions, and connect with our indigenous brothers and sisters with love and better understanding, as I believe it will not only heal the land, but the community and the World at large.
  • arachne646
    In Canada, we have a National Day of Healing and Reconciliation, and I think we really can admire and learn lots from Austrailia's Sorry so far. One thing that this is not about is making people guilty for being citizens of the country while, of the same colour as, or being of the same faith as the church which, committed crimes against the aboriginal community which was harmed. This does no good at all, and took up a lot of time and pain in many hearts of Christians in the Church in Canada, in a specific instance of the destruction of First Nations language and culture which was done in Residential Schools along with the Government.


    We still, as a country, have to look at the larger question of the right relationship of Canada as a whole to the many First Nations and we are nowhere near saying sorry on the basis that Australia has. But I must buy this book, as it offers a completely new perspective on the ministry of First Nations and other members of the church's healing of the wounding of Canada's land and people after the (mostly British Empire, like Austrailia) colonists moved in.
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